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Sima Qian: Historical Records 11 Emperor Xiaojing
Emperor Xiaojing was the middle son of Emperor Xiaowen. His mother was Empress Dowager Dou. When Emperor Xiaowen was in Dai, the previous queen had given birth to three sons. When Empress Dowager Dou was in favor, the previous queen died, and her three sons also died one after another, so Emperor Xiaojing was able to succeed to the throne.
On the Yimao day of the fourth month of the first year of Emperor Xiaojing (156 BC), he issued a general amnesty. On the Yisi day, he granted each citizen one class higher title. In May, he reduced the land rent of farmers across the country by half and established the Taizong Temple for Emperor Xiaowen. He asked the ministers not to come to the court to congratulate him on his accession to the throne. He allowed the Huns to enter Dai and agreed to a marriage with them.
In the spring of the second year (155 BC), Xiao Xi, the grandson of Xiao He, the former prime minister, was enfeoffed as Marquis of Wuling. It was stipulated that men should be recorded in the book when they turned 20. On the Renwu day of the fourth month, Empress Dowager Xiaowen died. The King of Guangchuan and the King of Changsha both went to their own fiefdoms. Prime Minister Shentu Jia died. In August, the Imperial Censor Tao Qing, Marquis of Kaifeng, was appointed as Prime Minister. A comet appeared in the northeast. In the autumn, hail fell on Hengshan Mountain, the largest hailstones could reach a diameter of five inches, and the deepest place could reach two feet. Mars moved in the reverse direction and approached the North Star. The moon appeared in the position of the North Star. Jupiter moved in the reverse direction in the heaven. The emperor set up Nanling, Neishi and Xixi as counties.
On the Yisi day of the first month of the third year (154 BC), a general amnesty was declared. A long-tailed comet appeared in the west. Fire from heaven burned down the main hall and tower of the East Palace in Luoyang. King Liu Bi of Wu, King Liu Wu of Chu, King Liu Sui of Zhao, King Liu Ang of Jiaoxi, King Liu Piguang of Jinan, King Liu Xian of Zichuan, and King Liu Xiongqu of Jiaodong rebelled and marched westward. The emperor killed Chao Cuo to appease the rebellious kings and sent Yuan Ang to inform the seven kingdoms, but the seven kingdoms still did not withdraw their troops and continued to besiege Liang Kingdom to the west. Therefore, the emperor sent General Dou Ying and Grand Commandant Zhou Yafu to lead the army to attack and eliminate them. On the Yihai day of the sixth month, the emperor pardoned the soldiers who fled in battle and those who participated in the rebellion, including Liu Zhi, the son of King Yuan of Chu. The emperor conferred the title of Marquis of Weiqi on General Dou Ying. He made Liu Li, the Marquis of Pinglu, the son of King Yuan of Chu, the King of Chu. He made the prince Liu Duan the King of Jiaoxi and the prince Liu Sheng the King of Zhongshan. The title of King of Jibei Liu Zhi was changed to King of Zichuan, the title of King of Huaiyang Liu Yu was changed to King of Lu, and the title of King of Runan Liu Fei was changed to King of Jiangdu. King of Qi Liu Jianglu and King of Yan Liu Jia both died.
司马迁·史记卷十一·孝景本纪第十一
孝景皇帝者，孝文之中子也。母窦太后。孝文在代时，前后有三男，及窦太后得幸，前后死，及三子更死，故孝景得立。
元年四月乙卯，赦天下。乙巳，赐民爵一级。五月，除田半租，为孝文立太宗庙。令群臣无朝贺。匈奴入代，与约和亲。
二年春，封故相国萧何孙系为武陵侯。男子二十而得傅。四月壬午，孝文太后崩。广川、长沙王皆之国。丞相申屠嘉卒。八月，以御史大夫开封侯陶青为丞相。彗星出东北。秋，衡山雨雹，大者五寸，深者二尺。荧惑逆行，守北辰。月出北辰间。岁星逆行天廷中。置南陵及内史祋祤为县。
三年正月乙巳，赦天下。长星出西方。天火燔雒阳东宫大殿城室。吴王濞、楚王戊、赵王遂、胶西王卬、济南王辟光、菑川王贤、胶东王雄渠反，发兵西乡。天子为诛晁错，遣袁盎谕告，不止，遂西围梁。上乃遣大将军窦婴、太尉周亚夫将兵诛之。六月乙亥。赦亡军及楚元王子蓺等与谋反者。封大将军窦婴为魏其侯。立楚元王子平陆侯礼为楚王。立皇子端为胶西王，子胜为中山王。徙济北王志为菑川王，淮阳王余为鲁王，汝南王非为江都王。齐王将庐、燕王嘉皆薨。
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